| 词汇 | be |
| 释义 | be | BrE biː, AmE bi | present tense I am he/she/it is you/we/they are past tense I/he/she/it was you/we/they were present participle being past participle been A. copular verb ① (indicating quality or attribute) [表明属性]▸ I'm married 我结婚了 ▸ he is being nice to them 他现在对他们很好 ▸ she is an Italian 她是意大利人 ▸ he'll be a big boy by now 他现在该是个大小伙子了 ② (indicating state, conditions, circumstances) [表明状态]▸ to be ill 生病 ▸ the weather was freezing 天气极冷 ▸ it was still light outside 外面还很亮 ③ (identifying the subject) [表明主题]▸ he is the person I was speaking about 他就是我提到的那个人 ▸ is this Manchester? 这里是曼彻斯特吗？ ▸ this book is your uncle's 这本书是你叔叔的 ④ (indicating occupation, status) (pursue a profession) 从事…职业 ; (pursue a pastime) 有…消遣 ; (have a role in organization, society) 担任…职位 ; (have a title) 拥有…头衔 ▸ to be a teacher 当老师 ▸ he is Primate of All Ireland 他是全爱尔兰首席大主教 ▸ they were both keen tennis players 他们两个都爱打网球 ⑤ (play the role of) 扮演 ▸ I was Juliet in the school play 在校园剧中，我扮演了朱丽叶 ⑥ (giving more information) [提供信息]▸ the fact is that I'm too old 事实是我太老了 ▸ the snag was, the tide was out 问题是，退潮了 ⑦ (giving time, date, age) [表示时间、年龄]▸ it's six o'clock 现在6点钟 ▸ it was midnight before we got home 午夜过后我们才到家 ▸ our house is over 100 years old 我们的房子有100多年了 ⑧ (giving cost) 值 ; (giving weight, measurement) 有 ▸ how much are those eggs? 这些鸡蛋多少钱？ ▸ how tall is she? 她有多高？ ▸ it was three degrees below zero 那时气温为零下3度 ⑨ Mathematics (equal) «unit, measurement» 等于 ; (represent) «variable, symbol» 表示 ▸ two times three is six 二乘三等于六 ▸ let x be 3 设x为3 ⑩ (comprise) «place, structure» 由…组成 ▸ London is not England 伦敦不是英格兰的全部 ⑪ (mean) 意味着 ▸ he was everything to her 对她而言，他就是一切 ▸ £500,000 is nothing to him 50万英镑对他毫无意义 ⑫ (in tag questions, short answers) [用于附加疑问成分及简短回答]▸ their house is lovely, isn't it? 他们的房子很漂亮，对吧？ ▸ are you a doctor? — no, I'm not 你是医生吗？──不，我不是 ▸ you're not going out tonight? — yes, I am 你今晚不出去吧？──不，我要出去的 B. intransitive verb ① (exist) 存在 ▸ can such things be? 会有这样的事情吗？ ▸ I think, therefore I am 我思故我在 ▸ to be or not to be 生存还是死亡 ▸ Miss Jones as was (before marrying) 婚前名琼斯小姐 (before a change in name) 曾用名琼斯小姐 ② (remain in the same state) 保持原状 ; (remain in the same place) 留在原地 ▸ let it be 随它去 ▸ let the poor dog be! 别招惹这条可怜的狗！ ③ (indicating time taken) 持续 ▸ how long has he been here? 他在这儿待了多长时间了？ ▸ how long will dinner be? 晚饭什么时候才会好啊？ ▸ I shan't be a moment 我一会儿就好 ④ (indicating place) 在 ▸ he's upstairs 他在楼上 ▸ Hungary is in the heart of Europe 匈牙利位于欧洲的中心 ▸ who's in the movie? 谁出演这部电影？ ⑤ (happen, take place) 发生 ▸ the concert is tomorrow 音乐会明天举行 ▸ they made plans to marry, but it was not to be 他们本来计划要结婚的，但却不了了之 ⑥ (go) 去 ; (come) 来 ▸ be off with you! 滚一边儿去！ ▸ I'm off home 我要回家了 ▸ is this the bus for London? 这是去伦敦的公交车吗？ ▸ you've really been (and gone) and done it now! British informal 你居然真的做了这事！ ⑦ (on visit etc.) 造访 ▸ have you ever been to London? 你去过伦敦吗？ ▸ has anyone been? (called at house etc.) 有人来过吗？ ⑧ ▸ (in phrases) so be it 那就这样吧 ▸ as it is/was 像原来一样 C. auxiliary verb ① (forming passive) [构成被动语态]▸ the child was found (by the search party) 孩子（被搜索队）找到了 ② (forming continuous tenses) [构成进行时]▸ (active) the train was departing when I got there 我到达的时候，列车正要开出 ▸ (passive) the house is being built 房子正在建造 ③ (forming future) [构成将来时]▸ the plane is leaving tomorrow at midday 飞机明天中午起飞 ▸ when are you seeing her? 你什么时候见她？ D. to be to ① (expressing obligation) [表明责任]▸ I am to inform you that … formal 我特此通知你… ▸ you are to report to the police 你必须向警方报到 ▸ I am not to be disturbed 不许打扰我 ② (expressing future or arrangement) [表示将来计划]▸ the Queen is to arrive at 3 p.m. 女王定于下午3点到达 ▸ he was to arrive or have arrived last Monday 他上周一就该到了 ③ (expressing possibility) [表示可能性]▸ what are we to do? 我们能做什么呢？ ▸ he wasn't to know 他不可能知道 ▸ if reports are to be believed, he's going to resign 如果报道可信的话，那么他将会辞职 ④ (expressing destiny) [表示必然性]▸ they were never to meet again 他们注定再也无法见面了 ▸ the empire was to collapse a century later 帝国在一个世纪之后还是瓦解了 E. -to-be combining form 未来的 ▸ her husband-to-be 她的未婚夫 ▸ a mother-to-be 准妈妈 |
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