| 词汇 | by |
| 释义 | by | BrE bʌɪ, AmE baɪ | A. preposition ① (indicating agent of passive verb, after noun denoting action) 被 ▸ a building destroyed by fire 烧毁的大楼 ▸ I was startled by her reaction 她的反应令我大吃一惊 ▸ some remarks by Mrs White 怀特夫人说的一些话 ② (identifying author) 由…创作 ▸ a novel by Virginia Woolf 弗吉尼娅伍尔夫写的一部小说 ▸ who's it by? 这是谁创作的？ ③ (indicating means) 用 ▸ you can reach me by phone 你可以打电话找我 ▸ to pay by cheque 用支票付账 ▸ to travel by bus/train 乘坐公共汽车/火车旅行 ▸ to make sth by hand/machine 手工/用机器制造某物 ▸ to begin by saying that … 开头说道… ④ (via, passing through) 经由 ▸ we entered by the back door 我们从后门进入 ▸ we'll get there quicker if we go by Birmingham 如果从伯明翰走的话，我们会更快到达那里 ▸ by the left/right, quick march! Military 从左翼/右翼，齐步走！ ⑤ (near, beside) 在…旁边 ▸ by the bed/the window 在床边/窗边 ▸ come and sit by me 过来坐在我边上 ⑥ (past) 经过 ▸ she walked by me 她从我身边走过 ▸ a car sped by our house 一辆汽车从我们家前面飞驰而过 ⑦ (before, not later than) 在…之前 ▸ it must be done by next Thursday 这件事必须在下周四前完成 ▸ they should have been here by now 他们现在本应该到这儿了 ▸ but by then it was too late 然而那时已经太晚了 ▸ by the time she had got downstairs, he was gone 等她到了楼下的时候，他已经走了 ⑧ (during) 在…期间 ▸ to travel by day 白天旅行 ▸ by day as well as by night 日以继夜 ⑨ (to the extent or degree of) 达 ▸ prices have risen by 20% 价格上升了20％ ▸ he's taller than me by two centimetres 他比我高两厘米 ⑩ ▸ (in measurements) a room 20 metres by 10 metres 20米长10米宽的房子 ⑪ (in multiplication, division) 以 ▸ 10 multiplied by 5 is 50 10乘以5等于50 ⑫ (showing rate, quantity) 按 ▸ to pay by the hour 按小时付酬 ▸ to sell sth by the dozen/the kilo 按打/按公斤出售某物 ⑬ (in successive degrees, units) 接着 ▸ day by day 日复一日地 ▸ one by one 一个接着一个地 ▸ it was getting worse by the minute 情况时时刻刻都在恶化 ⑭ (indicating parentage) 由…所生 ▸ he has two children by his first wife 他和第一任妻子有两个孩子 ⑮ (indicating circumstances) 由于 ▸ by accident/mistake 偶然地/无意地 ▸ by candlelight/moonlight 借着烛光/月光 ⑯ (according to, from evidence of) 根据 ▸ by the rules/by law 依据规则/法律 ▸ what time is it by your watch? 你的表现在几点了？ ▸ it's all right by me 我觉得可以 ▸ I knew her by her laugh 听到笑声我就知道是她 ⑰ (with respect to) 关于 ▸ she had done her duty by him 她对他已经尽到责任了 ▸ by birth/nature 生来/天生地 ⑱ Nautical (in compass directions) 偏 ▸ north by north west 西北偏北 ⑲ (in promises, oaths) 以…的名义 ▸ I swear by Almighty God 我以全能上帝之名发誓 B. adverb ① (past) 经过 ▸ the car roared by 汽车呼啸而过 ▸ she walked on by without stopping 她走过去，没有停留 ② (near) 在附近 ▸ he lives close by 他就住在附近 ③ (in reserve) 保留着 ▸ I have some money by 我存了些钱 ④ (at sb's home) 短暂来访 ▸ did you have anyone by tonight? 今晚有人来过你家吗？ C. by and by adverb phrase dated (before long) 不久 ; (eventually) 终于 ▸ by and by she met an old man with a beard 不久她见到了一位留胡子的老人 D. by and large adverb phrase 大体上 ▸ by and large, I enjoyed my time at school 总体而言，我上学时很愉快 E. (by oneself, all by oneself) adverb phrase 独自地 ▸ she was sitting by herself 她一个人坐着 ▸ he did it all by himself 他全凭自己完成了这事 F. (by the by or by the bye) adverb phrase ① (incidentally) 顺便 ▸ where's John, by the by? 顺便问一下，约翰在哪儿？ ② (without importance) 无关紧要 ▸ but that's by the by 但那无关紧要 |
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