| 词汇 | hold |
| 释义 | hold | BrE həʊld, AmE hoʊld | A. transitive verb past tense, past participle held ① (clasp in hand) 握着 ‹stick, gun›; (clasp in arms) 抱着 ‹person, animal›▸ to hold a coin 攥住一枚硬币 ▸ to hold a pen 握笔 ▸ she held me by the sleeve 她抓住我的衣袖 ② (clasp in mouth) «person, animal» 咬住 ; «bird» 衔住 ▸ it held the worm in its beak 它用喙衔着小虫 ▸ the dog was holding a ball in its mouth 那条狗嘴里叼着一个球 ③ (embrace) 拥抱 ▸ to hold sb in one's arms 抱着某人 ▸ to hold each other tight 紧紧相拥 ④ (use as support) 抓住 ‹handrail, branch›⑤ (keep in place) 使保持不动 ▸ to hold sth in place or position 把某物固定住 ▸ to hold the door open/shut 把门开着/关着 ▸ to hold the camera steady 拿稳相机 ▸ to hold a ladder (for sb) （为某人）扶住梯子 ▸ to hold one's head forward/back 头向前探/头向后仰 ▸ to hold a knife to sb's throat 用刀抵着某人的喉咙 ⑥ (grasp in pain) 捂住 ‹head, stomach›▸ she was holding her head 她抱着头 ⑦ (support) 承受 ‹weight, load›; 承受…的重量 ‹person, object›⑧ (restrain) 阻止 ▸ we held the thief 我们看住了小偷 ▸ there's no holding him/her figurative informal 他/她要大展宏图 ⑨ (keep in check) = hold back A2⑩ (detain) 扣留 ▸ to hold suspects (for questioning) 拘留嫌犯（审讯） ▸ to hold sb prisoner/hostage 囚禁某人/把某人扣为人质 ⑪ (contain) «box» 装着 ‹valuables›; (accommodate) «theatre, room» 容纳 ‹spectators, people›▸ the tank holds 5 litres 这个油箱能装5升汽油 ▸ the car holds five (people) 这辆车能坐下5个人 ⑫ (possess) 持有 ‹licence, passport, PhD›; 拥有 ‹territory, title›▸ to hold the record (for sth) 保持（某比赛的）纪录 ▸ to hold a fascination for sb 对某人有很大的吸引力 ⑬ (consume without getting drunk) 能喝下 ▸ to hold one's drink or liquor 酒量很大 ▸ he can't hold his drink 他是一喝就醉 ⑭ (occupy) 担任 ‹position, office›; 掌握 ‹power›⑮ (have charge of) 保管 ‹document, money›; «computer» 保存 ‹information›⑯ (defend successfully) «army» 守住 ‹city, fort›; «party, team» 保住 ‹seat, title›⑰ (have reserved) 保留 ‹seat, booking›⑱ (delay) 推迟 ‹flight›⑲ (stop) 停止处理 ‹order›; 暂缓 ‹phone call›; 延后投递 ‹letter›▸ hold it! informal (wait) 等一下！ (don't move) 别动！ ▸ hold the onions informal (at restaurant) 不加洋葱 ▸ hold everything! informal 快停下！ ⑳ Music «player, instrument» 延长 ‹note, chord›; «singer» 继续唱 ‹note, chord›▸ a minim is held for two beats 一个二分音符延续两拍 ㉑ ▸ Telecommunications to hold the line 不挂断电话 ㉒ ▸ Motor Vehicles to hold the road «vehicle» 抓地 ▸ these tyres don't hold the road well in rain 这些轮胎在下雨天抓地性能差 ㉓ (engage) 吸引 ‹interest, attention›㉔ Aviation, Nautical «ship, plane» 沿…航行 ‹course›㉕ (maintain) 保持 ‹lead, speed, pose›; 守住 ‹position›▸ to hold spending to £2 billion 使开支保持在20亿英镑 ▸ he held the class spellbound 他使全班学生听得入了神 ㉖ (stage) 举行 ‹meeting, talks›; 举办 ‹exhibition, party›; 进行 ‹election, enquiry›▸ to hold a service 做礼拜 ▸ to hold a conversation (with sb) （与某人）进行交谈 ㉗ (be sure of) 坚持 ‹view›▸ to hold the idea/opinion that … 认为… ▸ a firmly held belief 坚定的信念 ㉘ formal (regard as) 认为 ▸ to hold sb responsible (for sth) 认为某人应该（对某事物）负责 ▸ to hold sb/sth in high esteem or regard 非常尊重某人/高度重视某事物 ▸ she is held to be an expert 她被视为专家 ㉙ ▸ (in tennis) to hold one's serve 保住发球局 B. intransitive verb past tense, past participle held ① (remain intact) «dam, shelf, rope» 支撑得住 ; «glue» 粘得牢 ▸ to hold fast «anchor» 牢牢地吃住不动 ② (continue) 保持不变 ▸ to hold until tomorrow «weather» 持续到明天 ▸ his luck held 他一直走运 ③ Telecommunications 等待 ▸ please hold a moment 请稍等 ④ (be valid) 合乎逻辑 ▸ to hold true «theory, principle» (be true) 正确 (be valid) 适用 ▸ his argument doesn't hold 他的论点站不住脚 ⑤ (remain available) «offer, promise» 有效 ▸ to hold good 有效 ⑥ ▸ (be applicable) to hold for sb/sth; «rule, law» 适用于某人/某事物 ⑦ (remain in place) 保持不动 ▸ hold still! 不要动！ ⑧ (hold on) 抓住 ▸ hold tight! 抓紧！ C. to hold oneself reflexive verb past tense, past participle held ① ▸ (physically) to hold oneself well 保持端正的姿势 ▸ to hold oneself upright 挺直身体 ② ▸ (mentally) to hold oneself ready for sth 准备好做某事 D. noun ① uncountable (grasp with hand) 抓 ; (grasp with arms) 抱 ▸ to get or take or lay hold of sb/sth 抓住某人/某物 ▸ to keep (a) hold of sb/sth 抓着某人/某物不放 ▸ to relax or release one's hold on sb/sth 放开某人/某物 ▸ to catch hold of sth as it falls 接住坠落的某物 ② countable (in wrestling) 擒拿法 ▸ to have sb in a hold 用擒拿法控制住某人 ③ countable (in climbing) 支撑点 ④ uncountable figurative (control) 控制 ▸ to have a hold over or on sb 能左右某人 ▸ get a hold of yourself! 镇定一点！ ▸ she needs to get a hold of herself 她该重新振作起来了 ▸ to take hold «epidemic, fear» 蔓延开来 «habit» 变得根深蒂固 ▸ to take hold of sb/sth «panic, urge» 完全控制某人/某事物 ⑤ uncountable ▸ (possession) to get hold of sth 得到某物 ▸ he got hold of another ticket 他又搞到了一张票 ▸ where did he get hold of that idea? 他怎么会有这样的想法？ ⑥ uncountable ▸ (contact) to get hold of sb (locate) 找到某人 (communicate with) 与某人联系上 ⑦ uncountable (for hair) 定型力 ▸ a long-lasting hold 持久定型 ⑧ countable Aviation, Nautical (for storage) 货舱 E. on hold adverb phrase ① Telecommunications 待接 ▸ to put sb on hold 让某人等待 ▸ to put a call on hold 让电话待接 ② (postponed) 推迟 ▸ to put sth on hold 暂停 ‹plan, project›▸ to put one's career on hold (to do sth) 中断事业（做某事） PHRASAL VERBS hold against: transitive verb [hold sth against sb] 因…降低对…的评价 ▸ I never held that against you 我从没有因为那件事而轻视你 hold back A. [hold back sb/sth, hold sb/sth back] transitive verb ① (restrain) 阻止 ‹person›▸ to hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 ▸ to hold back a crowd 拦住人群 ② (keep in check) «wall, dam» 挡住 ‹animals, mob, water›③ (keep in place) «person, clip» 固定 ‹hair›④ figurative (suppress) 抑制 ‹emotions›▸ to hold back one's laughter/anger 忍住不笑/压住怒火 ⑤ (block) 妨碍 ▸ to hold back the tide of reform 阻挡改革的浪潮 ▸ to be held back in one's career 在事业上受阻 ⑥ (not reveal) 向某人隐瞒 ‹information, truth›▸ to hold back the results of the investigation 对调查结果秘而不宣 ▸ she's holding something back from us 她有什么事瞒着我们 ⑦ (not give) 扣住 ‹payment, goods›B. [hold sb back] transitive verb (deter) 阻止 ▸ consideration for her held him back from saying what he really thought 考虑到她的感受，他没有说出自己的真实想法 C. intransitive verb 犹豫 ▸ to hold back from signing a contract 犹豫着不签合约 ▸ I held back (hesitated) 我犹豫着 (waited) 我等着 hold down transitive verb [hold sb/sth down, hold down sb/sth] ① ▸ (keep from moving) to hold sb/sth down 按住 ▸ to be held down with tacks 被大头钉钉住了 ② (by pressing) 压住 ‹key, switch, lever›; 踩住 ‹pedal›③ (keep level) 控制 ‹prices, expense, number›④ (have) 有 ‹job›; (keep) 保住 ‹job›▸ to hold down two jobs at once 同时做两份工作 ⑤ figurative (oppress) 压制 ▸ a dictator who held his people down 压迫人民的独裁者 hold forth intransitive verb derogatory 夸夸其谈 ▸ to hold forth on or about sth; 滔滔不绝地谈论某事物 hold in transitive verb [hold sth in, hold in sth] ① (pull in) 收缩 ▸ to hold one's stomach/chest in 收腹/含胸 ② (restrain) 抑制 ‹emotions, temper›▸ to hold one's feelings in 克制感情 ▸ I couldn't hold in my anger 我压不住自己的怒火 hold off A. intransitive verb (not happen) «rain, snow» 不下 ; «winter» 不来临 ▸ the storm held off until we got home 我们到家之后暴风雨才来 B. transitive verb [hold off sb/sth, hold sb/sth off] ① (repel) 抵挡住 ‹attacker, attack›② (beat) 战胜 ‹challenger, competitor›; 赢得 ‹challenge›③ (stall) 拖住 ‹creditors, reporters›④ ▸ to hold off doing sth (delay) 推迟做某事 ▸ we held off telling her for a few days 我们推迟了几天才告诉她 hold on A. intransitive verb ① (wait) 等待 ▸ hold on! let me get my breath back! 等一下！让我喘口气！ ▸ hold on! I'll get him 稍等！我去叫他来 ② (grip) 抓牢 ▸ hold on tight! 抓紧！ ▸ to hold on with both hands 双手抓紧 ▸ the dog held on (with its teeth) 这条狗（用牙齿）紧紧咬住不松口 ③ (endure) 坚持 ▸ hold on! Help is on its way 坚持住！救援马上就到 B. transitive verb [hold sth on] 固定 ▸ to be held on with glue 用胶水粘住 hold on to transitive verb [hold on to sb/sth] ① (grip) 抓牢 ▸ to hold on to one's hat 按住帽子 ▸ hold on to the dog 把狗牵好 ② (keep) 保有 ‹object, property›▸ this is worth holding on to 这值得保留 ③ figurative (retain) 保持 ‹hope, dreams, position›▸ to hold on to one's lead 保持领先 ▸ he held on to his belief that … 他坚持认为… ④ (look after) 保管 ‹money, keys›▸ to hold on to sth for sb; 为某人保管某物 hold out: A. transitive verb ① [hold out sth, hold sth out] (stretch out, offer) 伸出 ‹hand›; 递出 ‹object›▸ to hold one's hand out for a cup 伸手去拿一个杯子 ▸ to hold out a cup to sb 递给某人一个杯子 ② [hold out sth, hold sth out] ▸ (retain) to hold out hope for sth 一直对某事物抱希望 ▸ I don't hold out much hope of them paying 我对他们付钱的事不抱多大希望 ③ [hold out sth] (provide) 提供 ‹chance›; 带来 ‹hope›▸ to hold out the prospect of sth 使某事有可能 B. intransitive verb ① (last) «stocks, fuel» 维持 ② ▸ (resist) to hold out (against sb/sth); 抵抗 ‹enemy, attack› 抵制 ‹changes, reform›▸ to hold out against sb's threats 面对某人的威胁拒不妥协 hold out for transitive verb [hold out for sth] 坚持要求 ‹pay rise, better conditions, improved offer›hold out on transitive verb [hold out on sb] informal 瞒着 ▸ she's holding out on you! 她一直瞒着你！ hold over transitive verb [hold sth over, hold over sth] ① (postpone) 推迟 ‹decision, programme›② (continue to show) 延长…的演出期 ‹play›; 延长…的放映期 ‹film›; 延长…的开放期 ‹exhibition›▸ the show was held over for five more performances 这场表演又续演5场了 hold to transitive verb [hold to sth] ① (maintain) 坚持 ‹belief, principle, decision›▸ to hold to one's promise 恪守诺言 ② [hold sb to sth] (make sb fulfil sth) 使履行 ‹agreement, contract›▸ he held her to her promise 他要求她恪守诺言 ▸ I'll hold you to that! 你要说话算话！ hold together A. intransitive verb ① (not break) 保持完整 ▸ this car is scarcely holding together 这辆车快要散架了 ② (remain united) «group» 保持团结 ▸ to hold together in times of crisis 在危难时刻团结一致 B. transitive verb [hold sth together] 使…保持完整 ‹car, machine›; 使…连在一起 ‹papers, pieces›▸ to be held together with a paper clip 用回形针别在一起 ▸ to hold the family together 使全家人凝聚在一起 hold up A. transitive verb [hold sth up, hold up sth] ① (support) 支撑 ‹roof, tent›▸ her trousers were held up by a drawstring 她的裤子是用拉带系着的 ② (lift) 举起 ‹object›▸ hold your hand up, hold up your hand 举手 ▸ hold your head up 把头抬起来 ▸ to hold up two fingers 竖起两根手指 ③ ▸ to hold sb/sth up as sth (present) 将某人/某事物作为…举例 ▸ to hold sb up as a model of good behaviour 拿某人作良好表现的榜样 ▸ to hold sb/sth up to ridicule/scorn 嘲笑/鄙视某人/某事物 ④ (delay) 延误 ‹departure›; (obstruct) 拦住 ‹procession›▸ to hold up the traffic 阻碍交通 ▸ sorry we're late: we were held up 很抱歉我们迟到了：我们被耽搁了 ⑤ (rob) [尤指持枪] 抢劫 ‹person, bank›B. intransitive verb ① (remain intact) 保持完好 ▸ the hut held up 小屋仍完好地矗立着 ▸ these shoes will not hold up much longer 这些鞋子穿不了太久了 ② (remain valid) «argument, theory» 站得住脚 ▸ his excuse didn't hold up under scrutiny 他的理由经不起推敲 ③ (remain strong) «person» 保持健康 ; «support» 依然有力 ; «currency» 仍然坚挺 ▸ the Labour vote held up well 工党的得票总数保持高态势 hold with transitive verb [hold with sth] 赞成 ‹idea, system›▸ I don't hold with keeping animals in cages 我反对把动物关在笼内 |
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