| 词汇 | have |
| 释义 | have | BrE hav, AmE hæv,həv,(ə)v | A. transitive verb 3rd person singular present has past tense, past participle had ① ▸ (possess, own) have (got); 有 ▸ have you (got) a pen? 你有钢笔吗？ ▸ I have no doubts that he's guilty 我毫不怀疑他有罪 ▸ she has (got) black hair 她一头黑发 ▸ I've nothing against sport 我不讨厌体育运动 ▸ to have had it informal (be in bad condition) 情形很糟 (be in trouble) 惹上麻烦了 (be unlikely to survive) 没法幸免了 ▸ this car/TV has had it 这辆汽车/这台电视机修不好了 ▸ when your father finds out, you've had it! 等你爸爸知道了，有你好受的！ ▸ oh Lord, we've had it now! 天哪，我们这下完蛋了！ ▸ to have had it (up to here) (with sb/sth) informal 受够了（某人/某物） ▸ I've had it up to here with my job 我的工作没法干下去了 ▸ to have (got) sb/sth to oneself 独占某人/某物 ▸ to have (got) it in for sb informal 跟某人过不去 ▸ I've got it! 我明白了！ ▸ to have it off or away (with sb) British slang （与某人）性交 ▸ and what have you informal 诸如此类 ▸ to have (got) it in one (to do sth) informal 有能力（做某事） ▸ she doesn't have it in her to be nasty 她凶不起来 ▸ and the ayes/noes have it 投赞成票/反对票的赢了 ② ▸ (consist of) have (got); 由…组成 ▸ in 1999 the party had 10,000 members 该党在1999年时拥有10,000名党员 ③ ▸ (be able to make use of sth available) have (got); «person, organization» 能利用 ‹time, money›▸ we had no alternative 我们别无选择 ▸ he hasn't (got) long to live 他活不长了 ④ ▸ (know) have (got); 通晓 ▸ he has good French but only a little Spanish 他的法语很好，但只懂一点儿西班牙语 ⑤ ▸ (need to do) have (got); 有必要 ▸ to have (got) sth to do; 有某事要做 ▸ I have or informal I've got letters to write 我有几封信要写 ▸ I have (got) an essay for tomorrow 我明天要交一篇短文 ⑥ ▸ (be with) have (got); 同…在一起 ▸ he had a friend with him 他和一位朋友在一起 ⑦ (receive, obtain) 得到 ; (accept) 接受 ▸ you can have it if you want it 你如果想要就拿去吧 ▸ I've had no news from him 我没有得到他的消息 ▸ to have it (from sb) that … 听（某人）说… ▸ these are the best skates to be had 这种冰鞋是市场上最好的 ▸ I'll have tea please 我点茶 ▸ will you have this woman to be your wife? 你想娶这位女子为妻吗？ ⑧ (perform, do) 做 ▸ to have a walk/dream/read 散步/做梦/阅读 ▸ have a look at this one! 看看这个！ ⑨ (exhibit quality, emotion) 表现出 ‹temerity, courtesy, mercy›▸ they have a lot of courage 他们很勇敢 ▸ she had the good sense to refuse 她很明智地拒绝了 ▸ I had pity on them 我可怜他们 ⑩ (produce) 产生 ‹influence, result›▸ the colour green has a restful effect 绿色使人感到宁静 ⑪ (organize, hold) 举办 ‹party, exhibition›; 召集 ‹meeting›; 进行 ‹conversation, talks, enquiry, interview›⑫ ▸ (be responsible for) have (got); 担负 ‹duties›▸ he has the job of cutting the hedge 他的工作是修剪树篱 ▸ she has overall direction of the project 她负责这个项目的总体指导 ⑬ (consume) 吃 ‹food›; 喝 ‹drink›; 吸 ‹cigarette›⑭ ▸ (suffer from) have (got); 患 ▸ to have (a) toothache 牙痛 ▸ to have measles/a cold 患麻疹/感冒 ⑮ (experience) 经受 ‹shock, heart attack›; 接受 ‹operation, checkup›▸ he had a crash in his new car 他开新车出了车祸 ▸ to have a boring day 度过乏味的一天 ▸ have a nice day! 祝你度过愉快的一天！ ▸ a good time was had by all 大家都过得很愉快 ▸ to have sth done; 遭受某事 ▸ he had his car/watch stolen 他的汽车/手表被偷了 ▸ I've (got) a pupil coming in 10 minutes 我约了个学生10分钟以后来 ▸ have you got or do you have a cold coming on? 你是不是要感冒了？ ⑯ (accept into home) 接 ▸ we're having the kids for the weekend 我们这个周末要接孩子们回家 ▸ we've (got) students living in the house 我们家里有寄住学生 ⑰ (entertain) 在家招待 ▸ we had some friends to dinner last night 我们昨晚请了一些朋友来家里吃晚饭 ⑱ (cause or tell) 使 ▸ to have sb do sth; 让某人做某事 ▸ she's always having the builders in to do something or other 她总是让建筑工人来家里做这做那 ▸ the court had him pay the full costs 法庭判他支付全部费用 ▸ we'll soon have everything ready 我们很快就会把一切准备就绪的 ▸ to have sth done; 让他人为自己做某事 ▸ to have one's hair cut 去理发 ▸ they like to have stories read to them 他们喜欢听别人给他们读故事 ▸ to have sb/sth doing sth; 使某人/某物做某事 ▸ he had his audience listening attentively 他抓住了听众的注意力 ▸ as luck/chance would have it 幸运/碰巧的是 ▸ rumour has it that … 据传… ⑲ (allow) 容忍 ▸ I won't have this kind of behaviour! 我不会容忍这种行为的！ ▸ we can't have them staying in a hotel 我们不能让他们住在旅馆里 ▸ he won't have it that … 他拒绝接受… ⑳ ▸ (hold) have (got); 拿着 ▸ she had the glass in her hand 她手里拿着玻璃杯 ▸ she had him by the throat/by the arm 她卡住了他的喉咙/抓住了他的胳膊 ㉑ ▸ (put, keep in a position) have (got); 保持 ▸ he had (got) his back to me 他背对着我 ▸ she had (got) her hands over her eyes 她用手捂着双眼 ㉒ (be dealing with) 处理 ▸ what we have here is a small group of extremists 我们要对付的是一小撮极端分子 ▸ over here, we have a painting by Picasso 这边是毕加索的一幅画 ㉓ (become parent of) 生育 ‹child, offspring›▸ she's having a baby (in May) 她（五月份）要生孩子了 ▸ our cat has had kittens 我们的猫生小猫了 ㉔ ▸ have (got) informal (enjoy complete power over) 胜过 (baffle) 使迷惑不解 ▸ I have (got) him now 我把他制服了 ▸ to have (got) sb where you want them 完全控制住某人 ▸ I'll have you! 我会收拾你的！ ▸ you have or informal you've got me there! 你把我问住了！ ㉕ informal (trick) 欺骗 ▸ I'm afraid you've been had! 恐怕你上当了！ ㉖ informal (have sex with) 和…上床 B. modal verb 3rd person singular present has past tense, past participle had ① (must) 必须 ; (be obliged to) 不得不 ; (giving advice, recommendation) 得 [用于提出劝告或建议]▸ to have (got) to do sth; 不得不做某事 ▸ you don't have to or you haven't got to leave so early 你不必这么早离开 ▸ I have to admit, the idea of marriage scares me 我得承认，一想到结婚我就害怕 ▸ to have (got) to do sth (mainly British) 得做某事 ▸ you simply have to get a new job 你就是得找份新工作 ② (expressing certainty, inevitability) 必定 ▸ to have (got) to do sth (mainly British) 必定做某事 ▸ there has to be a reason for his strange behaviour 他的古怪行为一定事出有因 ③ (expressing exasperation) 非得 ▸ to have to do sth; 非得做某事 ▸ just tonight the bus had to be early 偏偏今晚公共汽车非得早开 ▸ why in the world did this have to happen? 为什么就非得出这事呢？ C. auxiliary verb 3rd person singular present has past tense, past participle had ① (in perfect tenses) [用于完成时]▸ she has lost her bag 她把包丢了 ▸ I've never been to Greece 我从来没去过希腊 ▸ to have done with sth (mainly British) 结束某事 [指不愉快的事]▸ let's have done with this silly argument! 我们停止这种无聊的争吵吧！ ② (in conditional clauses) [用于条件句]▸ if I had known 如果我早知道的话 ▸ had I taken the train, this would never have happened 如果我坐了火车，这事绝对不会发生 D. having auxiliary verb ① (after) [与过去分词连用，表示主要动词之前的动作]▸ having finished his breakfast, he went out 他吃完早饭就出去了 ② (because, since) [与过去分词连用，表示原因]▸ I was cautious, having been deceived before 由于以前受过骗，我很谨慎 ③ (although) [与过去分词连用，表示让步]▸ having said that, I still think he's the best person for the job 虽然话是那么说，我仍然认为他是这个工作的最佳人选 PHRASAL VERBS have back A. [have sth back, have back sth] transitive verb 收回 ▸ can we have our ball back? 把球还给我们好吗？ B. [have sb back] transitive verb ① (allow to return) 重新接纳 ▸ she won't have him back 她不肯与他重修旧好 ② (invite in return) 回请 have down transitive verb [have sb down] ① (from north) 邀请…南下 ▸ we had the in-laws down from Scotland for the weekend 这个周末我们请众位姻亲从苏格兰南下做客 ② (from larger place) 邀请…来小地方 ▸ we had friends down from London last week 上星期我们邀请伦敦的朋友到舍下小聚 have on: A. transitive verb (also have got on) ① [have sth on, have on sth] (be wearing) 穿着 ▸ to have nothing on 光着身子 ② [have sth on] (be using) 开着 ‹radio, light, heating, engine, music›③ [have sth on] (have arranged to do) 安排做 B. [have sb on] transitive verb British informal (tease) 哄骗 ▸ it's not true: he's only having you on 那不是真的，他只是在哄你 have out transitive verb [have sth out] ① (cause to be removed) 拔掉 ‹tooth›; 切除 ‹appendix›② (settle) 把…讲个明白 ▸ to have sth out with sb; 与某人把某事说明白 ▸ we'd better have the matter out 我们最好把这件事说清楚 have over transitive verb [have sb over] 请…来家里 ▸ we had them over yesterday evening 我们昨天晚上请他们来家里了 have round transitive verb British = have overhave up transitive verb [have sb up] British informal 使出庭受审 ▸ to be had up for sth; 因某事出庭受审 ▸ he was had up for dangerous driving 他因危险驾驶被送上法庭 |
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