| 词汇 | 姓名 |
| 释义 | 姓名 xìnɡmínɡ noun full name ▸ 姓名权 right to one’s name 姓名In ancient times, a person was given a ming (名) at birth and was bestowed a zi (字) only at the age of 20, when he reached his maturity. He referred to himself by his ming, while addressing others by their zi. There was usually a connection in meaning between the ming and the zi. For instance, the ming of Zhuge Liang (诸葛亮), a politician who has become synonymous with resourcefulness in China, is liang (亮), which means ‘bright’. His zi is Kongming (孔明), in which ming (明) also means ‘bright’. Traditionally, one’s ming or zi often reflected one’s position in the family hierarchy. Hao (号) was originally an epithet one chose to describe oneself. Later on, it was also used at times to refer to ming or zi. Today, the word mingzi (名字) can mean either a person’s full name (including surname), or just the given name. The surname (姓) designates the family clan, and comes before the given name. |
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